Social Anxiety Disorder 
 

Overview

Social Anxiety Disorder (SAD) is a common type of anxiety disorder. A person with social anxiety disorder feels symptoms of anxiety or fear in certain or all social situations, such as meeting new people, being on a job interview, answering a question in class, giving a talk in front of audience, or even having to talk to a cashier in a store. Doing everyday things in front of people, such as eating or drinking in front of others or using a public restroom, also causes anxiety or fear. The person is afraid that he or she will be humiliated, judged, and rejected. 

The fear that people with Social Anxiety Disorder have in social situations is so strong that they feel it is beyond their ability to control. As a result, it gets in the way of going to work, attending school, or doing everyday things. People with social anxiety disorder may worry things for weeks before they happen. They find it scary and difficult to be with other people, especially those they don’t already know, and have a hard time talking to them even though they wish they could. Sometimes, they end up staying away from places or events where they think they might have to do something that will embarrass them. 

Social Anxiety Disorder usually starts during youth in people who are extremely shy. Social anxiety disorder is not uncommon; research suggests that about 7% of the population are affected. Without treatment, social anxiety disorder can last for many years or a lifetime and prevent a person from reaching his or her full potential.

Symptoms & Signs

When having to be around others, people with social anxiety disorder tend to: 

  • Blush, sweat, tremble, feel a rapid heart rate, or feel their “mind going blank”
  • Feel nauseous or sick to their stomach
  • Show a rigid body posture, make little eye contact, or speak with an overly soft voice
  • Be very self-conscious in front of other people and feel embarrassed and awkward
  • Be very afraid that other people will judge them

Diagnosis

First, talk to your doctor about your symptoms. Your doctor should do an exam and ask you about your health history to make sure that your symptoms is not caused by a physical problem. Your doctor may refer you to a psychiatrist to confirm the diagnosis.

Treatments

Social Anxiety Disorder is generally treated with psychotherapy, medication, or both. 

  • Psychotherapy: A type of psychotherapy called cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT) is especially useful for treating social anxiety disorder. CBT teaches you different ways of thinking, behaving, and reacting to situations that help you feel less anxious and fearful. It can also help you learn and practice social skills. CBT delivered in a group format can be especially helpful.
  • Medications: There are three types of medications used to help treat social anxiety disorder:
    • Anti-anxiety medications
    • Antidepressants
    • Beta-blockers